Politique de deux agences américaines : l’AHRQ et la NASA

Aux États-Unis, la première agence a suivre les directives de l’Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) a été le Department of Energy (DOE), suivie par le Department of Agriculture (USDA).

En février 2015, plusieurs agences ont annoncé leur plan pour le Libre Accès dont l’Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality’s (AHRQ’s) – suivant ainsi les recommandations du Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) – et la National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). Sont aussi disponibles les politiques des quatre autres agences dépendantes du HHS : les National Institutes of Health (NIH), les Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), la Food and Drug Administration (FDA) et l’Office of the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response (ASPR).

AHRQ Public Access to Federally Funded Research

1. Background & Purpose

On February 22, 2013, the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) released the memorandum entitled `Increasing Access to the Results of Federally Funded Scientific Research.` ^[1]La traduction française du memorandum est disponible ici This memorandum requires Federal agencies to make the results of federally funded scientific research available to and useful for the public, industry, and the scientific community. This document is the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality’s (AHRQ’s) plan for establishing a policy for public access to scientific publications and scientific data in digital format resulting from AHRQ funding. AHRQ intends, to the fullest extent possible and contingent on the availability of funds, to make available to the public all scientific publications and data arising from unclassified research and programs funded wholly or in part by AHRQ.

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2. Scope

The AHRQ Public Access Policy will be fully effective by October 2015. The Public Access Policy will apply to all scientific publications and data in digital format. Implementation will be prospective and will not apply to any publication or digital data set arising from an AHRQ-sponsored grant, cooperative agreement, contract, or intramural research project funded prior to publication of the final AHRQ Public Access Policy.

The AHRQ Public Access Policy will apply to all research funded by AHRQ, except where such research is administered or performed by a partner Agency with a comparable Public Access Policy, in which case AHRQ will defer to the partner Agency’s policies on the management of scholarly publications and digital data sets.

Digital scientific data that are covered by this policy include:
– Field data.
– Lab data.
– Other data (e.g., quality control samples, sample ID data, and instrument calibration data).

Digital scientific, clinical, or institutional data that can be in scope at the discretion of the program or in an appropriate context:
– Models and model-related content, including parameters and outputs, including models of public health emergencies.
– Command files, such as SAS or STATA files created from secondary sources (typically referred to as secondary or outside data).
– De-identified Electronic Health Record (EHR) patient treatment records.
– Non-proprietary records and data collected as part of the National Hospital Preparedness Program.

Digital scientific data that are not in scope for this policy include:
– Personally identifiable data, however, AHRQ will make an attempt to make all research data available to the public by creating de-identified public use data files.
– Proprietary trade data.
– Data related to protecting critical infrastructure.
– Other data whose release is limited by law, regulation, security requirements, or policy.

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NASA Plan: Increasing Access to the Results of Scientific Research

Introduction

This plan is issued in response to the February 22, 2013 Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) Memorandum for the Heads of Executive Departments and Agencies, “Increasing Access to the Results of Federally Funded Scientific Research.” Through this memorandum, OSTP directed all agencies with greater than $100 million in research and development expenditures each year to prepare a plan for improving the public’s access to the results of federally funded research.

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2.0 Principles

This plan is based on the following set of principles:
– Effective data management has the potential to increase the pace of scientific discovery and promote more efficient and effective use of government funding and resources
– Sharing and preserving data are central to protecting the integrity of science by facilitating validation of results and to advancing science by broadening the value of research data to disciplines other than the originating one and to society at large;
– Data management should be an integral part of research planning;
– The degree to which research data needs to be shared or preserved varies across and within scientific disciplines; flexibility must be allowed for program‐specific needs/requirements and consideration of benefits and costs, including preserving and promoting U.S. competitiveness;
– Proprietary interests, business confidential information, intellectual property rights, and other relevant rights will continue to be recognized and appropriately protected; and
– Protecting confidentiality and personal privacy are paramount, and no change will be made to existing policies that would reduce current protections.

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